What underlying condition causes Alpha-gal syndrome?

Alpha-gal syndrome is primarily caused by tick bites, specifically from the Lone Star tick and some other tick species. When a person is bitten by an infected tick, the tick transfers a carbohydrate called galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) into the person's bloodstream. This substance triggers an immune response, leading the body to develop an allergy to foods that contain alpha-gal, such as red meat and certain dairy products.

The link between the immune response triggered by the tick bite and the subsequent food allergies is what characterizes alpha-gal syndrome. Consequently, understanding the connection between tick bites and the condition is crucial for recognizing how the syndrome develops and the significance of avoiding further tick exposure to manage symptoms.